段亚东的Oracle笔记

数据库版本：11.2.0.4

平台：Linux x86

关键错误信息：ORA-01200

先看错误信息：

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01122: database file12 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 12: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf’
ORA-01200: actual file size of 32434 is smaller than correct size of 32436 blocks

打开告警日志

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_3542.trc:
ORA-01122: database file 12 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 12: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf’
ORA-01200: actual file size of 32434 is smaller than correct size of 32436 blocks
ORA-1122 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN…
Wed Jul 14 18:01:01 2021
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4096 MB is1.51% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Wed Jul 14 18:32:21 2021
alter database open
Read of datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf’ (fno 12) header failed with ORA-01200
Rereading datafile 12 header failed with ORA-01200
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_3542.trc:
ORA-01122: database file 12 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 12: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf’
ORA-01200: actual file size of 32434 is smaller than correct size of 32436 blocks
ORA-1122 signalled during: alter database open…

根据报错的描述，大概是数据文件小于控制文件记录的数据文件的大小，通过查找资料找到了解决方法。

一、判断差值

根据ORA-01200提示信息，得到数据文件相差2个数据块。
SQL> select 32436-32434 from dual;

二、备份需要操作的数据文件

cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf /home/oracle

三、执行dd命令增加数据文件大小

使用dd命令增加数据文件大小，8192是数据块大小，2是多少个数据块 seek=32435表示从第32435 个数据块开始增加（32434+1）

dd if=/dev/zero of= /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile/tb01.dbf bs=8192 count=2 seek=32435

四、open数据库

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

总结：

类似的错误如果有备份使用备份恢复是最靠谱的，没有备份的话其实也可以使用bbed工具修改相关的数据使达到一致，但是本例使用dd命令简单的增加以下文件大小就能解决问题，仅供参考。